POLYSTICHUM. Sword fern, holly fern. A large genus of ferns, found on every continent and from the tropics to snowy peaks. Those commonly cultivated here are tough, hardy plants with many ornamental features. The following are all of substantial size, with bold evergreen fronds. These may be once to three times divided, with a distinctive “hilt”—a longer leaflet at the base of each major division from the main stalk. These are useful plants for their size as well as for their beauty, for they can attractively fill large “dead” spaces in shady parts of the garden. They also make impressive specimens for large tubs and other containers. They are best in light to medium shade, with well drained, preferably acid soil and moderate watering (though they should not go completely dry). The following are hardy to 10^oF. or less.

munitum. Western sword fern. A boldly textured native, eventually 4’ or more in height and breadth. It has long, narrow once-divided fronds which are quite leathery in texture, dark green in color. Planted in the shade garden, it needs very little attention and will even survive periods of drought. Hardy to 0^oF. or below.

polyblepharum. Japanese lace fern. Japan and Korea. This is an old favorite for me, giving much and demanding little. It grows usually 2-3’ high, the fronds broader than those of P. munitum relative to their length and showing a thick covering of brown scales on their stalks. The fronds are twice-divided and have a deep green, lustrous upper surface; they are noticeably paler beneath.

setiferum. Soft shield fern. Europe. The common name gives a good indication of the appearance of this species. All parts of the plant are less rigid than those of many sword ferns, and softer even to the touch. The emerging fronds and stalks of mature fronds are covered with soft tan scales. The fronds are up to 4’ long—though usually half that—and often lie close to the ground. They are lance-shaped and twice-divided, with dark green divisions. There are many forms selected for their size or unusual frond characteristics. For the moment, we will have to confess to growing only the “plain vanilla” version.